Stem Cell Transplant for Multiple Myeloma: Inpatient or Outpatient?
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/ Updated February 4th, 2022

Stem Cell Transplant for Multiple Myeloma: Inpatient or Outpatient?

Medically Reviewed: Dr. Doris Hansen Written by: Lindsay Modglin
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Stem Cell Transplants for Multiple Myeloma

  • A stem cell transplant can be an inpatient procedure meaning you'll be hospitalized for approximately two to three weeks while the stem cell transplant takes place.
  • A stem cell transplant can also be an outpatient procedure meaning you’ll stay at a nearby accommodation or within the hospital’s affiliated housing during the transplant process. An outpatient stem cell transplant requires a daily clinic appointment.
  • Both inpatient and outpatient stem cell transplants have their own set of risks and benefits. Take the time to speak with your doctor or care coordinator about finding a treatment option that’s right for you based on your specific needs.
Dr. James Hoffman of the Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center at the University of Miami Health talks to SurvivorNet about stem cell transplant for multiple myeloma as both inpatient and outpatient procedures.

According to Dr. Hoffman, stem cell transplants can be carried out in two ways:

  • Inpatient: You’ll be hospitalized for approximately two – three weeks while the stem cell transplant takes place
  • Outpatient: You’ll stay at a nearby accommodation or within the hospital’s affiliated housing during the transplant process; requires daily clinic appointment

Inpatient Stem Cell Transplant

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Inpatient stem cell transplant requires a hospital stay of around three weeks, on average. You’ll remain in the hospital until your blood counts increase enough and you’re no longer at high risk for infection.

Dr. Hoffman discusses how inpatient stem cell transplant allows you to be closely monitored by doctors, which can sometimes prevent further complications.

“A lot of our patients see the benefits of being inpatient,” Dr. Hoffman states. Inpatient stays ensure you’ll have nurses to monitor your condition around the clock, in case you experience any side effects or adverse reactions.

Inpatient stem cell transplants have several benefits, including:

  • 24/7 monitoring by a doctor and nursing staff
  • Supportive care in a more secure environment, free of outside stimuli and potential for infection
  • Close proximity to the hospital’s pharmacy, lab, and radiology departments
  • Ease of scheduling appointments with the doctor, including blood tests and physical exams

Outpatient Stem Cell Transplant

Outpatient stays are coordinated with your cancer treatment facility, and not every person is a candidate. Some facilities don’t offer outpatient stem cell transplants, while others may prefer them over the traditional inpatient setting.

“You have to have a place for the patient and potential support to be close to the hospital because outpatient transplant involves daily checkups, daily labs, and at least half the patients have to get admitted for fever, dehydration, or other problems,” adds Dr. Hoffman.

Dr. Hoffman explains that some patients opt for outpatient stem cell transplants rather than inpatient treatment because it is a more comfortable environment. You’re able to sleep in a normal bed, take a break from treatments, and return to the hospital for any tests or procedures.

That said, the frequent trips to the hospital for care may take a toll on your body. You’ll need to make sure you’re able to travel back and forth often, which is why many facilities offer on-site or nearby housing. Even then, you should be prepared to be admitted if any complications arise.

Choosing Inpatient or Outpatient

Both inpatient and outpatient stem cell transplants have their own set of risks and benefits. Take the time to speak with your doctor or care coordinator about finding a treatment option that’s right for you based on your specific needs.

Your medical team will counsel you on the benefits, risks, and limitations of stem cell transplants in the inpatient or outpatient setting.

Factors that influence your decision may include:

  • Schedule
  • Access to support services
  • Ability to receive treatment without interruption
  • The convenience of the facility location
  • Housing options for family members who will travel with you during care
  • Insurance coverage
  • Lifestyle preferences

Understanding how the stem cell transplant process works will help you decide which option may work better for your current situation. Don’t hesitate to ask your doctor any questions you may have about inpatient or outpatient stem cell transplants.

Learn more about SurvivorNet's rigorous medical review process.

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